Israel's family had multiplied greatly with time. And the Egyptians were fearful that if a war happened the Israelites might side with Egypt's foes. For they were the friends of a former, but now despised dynasty - most probably that of the Hyksos shepherd-kings from Chaldea, who had conquered Egypt before the arrival of Israel's family. Although they were moderate in their rule they were despised as they had gained Egypt's wealth. The new regime enslaved Israel and killed their male children. The Israelites were constructing the new Pharaoh's treasure cities. The Hebrew midwives - Shiphrah and Puah - were commanded to throw the boys, born to the Hebrew mothers, into the Nile. But, the midwives failed to obey since they reverenced Yahweh more than the Pharaoh. And so the LORD blessed them. Chapter 2 tells of Moses' birth and the way in which he was providentially saved through the actions of his faithful family. Moses' birth was concealed for 3 months; but as he grew this task became harder. His parents knew that the deliverance from God was drawing nearer and they hoped that in Moses the LORD would raise up a saviour (see Acts 7 verses 17-22;
Hebrews 11 verse 23). Jochabed, the mother of Moses, deliberately exposed her son to Pharaoh's childless daughter, who upon hearing Moses' cry was filled with compassion and the desire to adopt him. Miriam was there to advance this plan. Jochabed wet nursed Moses and had opportunity to instruct her son in the revealed plans from the LORD outlined in the promises. At the age of 40 Moses made a choice to align himself with the suffering people of God, rather than accept what Egypt was offering. Moses, perhaps, turned down the chance to become the next king (see
Acts 7 verses 22-29;
Hebrews 11 verses 23-26). He struck down and killed an Egyptian who had struck an Israelite slave. The body was hastily buried in the sand. The next day he sought to separate two fighting Israelites and tried to intervene; he was derided by his brother who knew of the former day's murder. Moses fled Egypt,to far away Midian, fearing Pharaoh's vengeance. Here he remained for 40 years of divine education in readiness for God's use, as a humbled servant. He met Reuel, the local wise priest, who had 7 daughters - also known as Jethro, Raguel - where he married Zipporah and became a shepherd. A son was born to them and named Gershom, signifying Moses' status as a sojourner, together with the patriarchal family. The chapter concludes by telling us that Yahweh has heard His childrens' groaning and as a loving Father will respond, ever faithful to His promises.
Psalm 53 is a duplication of Psalm 14. Psalm 53 is an important record, "The fool has said in his heart, there is no God" - and is cited in Romans 3. Its message tells us more than that atheists are foolish. It is not those who simply speak the words; but, it applies to those whose actions say, 'I can act as I please and will not be punished'. The heart's intentions are of great importance and determine our actions.
Psalm 54 is another Maschil of David's designed for guidance to his listeners. It was written after David had been delivered from Saul's encirclement following the treachery of the Ziphites. God had heard his prayer, and yet again saved David from an impossible situation. Saul having surrounded David would have certainly captured him had to withdraw his army to defend the land from a Philistine invasion. The strangers, who had risen against David, failed because of David's trust in the Almighty. David will present to his God thanksgiving offerings and praise.
Yet again Psalm 55 is a Maschil from the pen of David in which he celebrates his Sovereign's saving him again and again. The theme of the Psalm is for the heaters to "Cast your burden upon the LORD"; or, as the Hebrew language expresses, "Roll yourself on Yahweh". David in his restless and oppressed state of mind calls upon his God to vanquish his sorrows and prevent his being overwhelmed with despair. The Psalmist prays for the wings of a dove, that he might fly away from all his troubles. He then beseeches his Omnipotent Creator to repay the evils of his enemies. He speaks of his chief adversary in verses 12-14; this is believed to have been David's supreme counsellor Ahithophel. This man had deep insights into the Scriptures, but became embittered against David when the king committed adultery with Ahithophel's granddaughter. The counterpart to Ahithophel is the betrayer of our Lord Jesus Christ - Judas Iscariot; who likewise had a spiritually perceptive mind, which was overcome by his covetousness. David (and the Messiah himself) invoke the LORD's vengeance upon those wicked men in verses 15-17. Not so for His Anointed, who was constantly in the care of his Creator - verses 16-19. And so the take home message in the concluding verses for all faithful believers is to, "Roll yourself on Yahweh and He will sustain (uphold, support) you"; whatever your troubles.
Romans 7 starts with an analogy comparing the liberty to remarry providing the former spouse had deceased with the believer's freedom from the law because Christ's death was the death-knell for the Mosaic law. The chapter showed the law's purpose in provoking peoples' covetous lusts demonstrating human incapacity to be righteous on the basis of law keeping. A delight in God's law within our mind must make the coming freedom in Christ's Kingdom a foretaste of the final freedom when we will be set free.
Romans 8 indicates that desire must be supported by a concerted attempt to live after the spirit by thinking spiritually and not carnally. What was impossible for the law to provide - a totally sinless being from Adam's progeny - our Heavenly Father produced in a unique man, completely possessed of every passion and frailty common to humanity; yet as a product of his divine parentage and strengthening by constant imprinting of Yahweh's Word a Victor over fleshly thinking. The chapter tells us that those, who like their Lord, are led by spirit thinking will likewise be God's children. The chapter tells us the steps involved in the process of our being saved, as verses 28-30, show. Finally the encouragement of verses 31-39 reveal to us that God has done above and beyond what we could conceivably think - so the remaining perceived impediments are minuscule by comparison. God's demonstrated desire to see the faithful in His Kingdom cam only be thwarted by ourselves. Read these verses aloud and marvel at the message of the love God has for His children and has been shown to us by the life, death and glorifying of His Son our Lord Jesus Christ.
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In Exodus 3 Moses had brought his flock to the edge of the desert, Mount Sinai - known as Jebul Miss (the Mt of Moses to the Arabs. Here he saw in the distance an amazing sight - an acacia bush burning brightly, but remaining unconsumed (a symbol of God's providential preservation of His people, Israel -
Isaiah 43 verse 1-3, 54 verses 17). Baffled by the scene, Moses turned aside to investigate and, as he neared the bush, was commanded by the angel to remove his shoes; for he was on holy ground. Notice the angel (as Stephen tells us in Acts 7verses 30) is called God; since he was acting for God. Stephen says in Acts 7 verses 31-34 that God was in that location making it holy. God had seen the affliction of His people and was (verse 8) come down to deliver them - alluding to Joseph's last words
(Genesis 50 verse 24). Moses, who had been described as "mighty in words and deeds"
(Acts 7 verses 22); was now told by the LORD to represent Him to Pharaoh. Moses answered God and said that He had chosen the wrong person. Moses persisted in refusing despite Yahweh making it clear that He had made no mistake. Moses you must bring them to this mountain to worship Me. Still Moses resists with the words, "who will I say has sent me". The divine name of Yahweh is now explained to Moses. In verse 14 he is told "Ehyeh"
(meaning "I will be") has sent Moses. The name is expanded and developed in verses 15-16 - Yahweh Elohim of the fathers - He who will become mighty ones through the Promised seed. We are told a number of things about the Hebrew understanding of the 4 letter name (called the Tetragrammaton; YHWH: the 4 lettered name) - 1) that although the meaning is essentially referring to the future; it is indeterminate in Hebrew having all 3 tenses covered "I was"; "I am"; and, "I will be" i - WHO I CHOSE; WHO I AM; and , WHO w WILL BE - principally used in chapter 6 of God's future intentions. Revelation 1:8 makes it clear that each of these meanings are to be accepted. 2) that to understand what the name means is essential for salvation (Hebrews 11:6) - that God exists (present tense), and; that He becomes a rewarder of those who diligently seek Him
(future tense). We must live and act out of these beliefs. They tell us that the LORD is developing a faithful family of His choosing; who will in their lives and actions show to the world their Father and His ways (Psalm 105 verses 1-11). The chief east exemplar being His incomparable Son, our Lord Jesus Christ (John 17 verses 1-4, 12-26). Verses 17-22 tells Moses that Egypt must be forced to allow God's people to triumphantly exit Egypt. The Egyptians will be plundered as pay for their Sovereign's people.
Chapter 4 tells of the angel giving Moses 3 powerful supporting signs to convince the resistant Hebrews to believe God and His prophet and representative, Moses. The sign of the staff that would turn into a snake; the sign of the hand that would become leprous before being healed; the sign of waters of the Nile (Egypt's life blood) becoming blood (itself the symbol of life) turning to blood and bringing death. Still Moses poses excuses to Yahweh as to why someone else should be God's spokesman. In anger his Sovereign tells Moses not to give any more excuses - you will have Aaron, your brother, to support you. Aaron will become your mouthpiece and your prophet. Moses returned to Egypt with his wife and sons. And the message for Pharaoh, "Israel is My firstborn son; let My son go to serve Me; or I will slay your firstborn son". The challenge from the God of Israel was to issued to the gods of Egypt, of whom Pharaoh was their incarnation. In the inn the angel sought to slay Moses because Moses, despite being sent as the leader of the circumcised
(covenanted) people, had neglected to circumcise his own son, Gershom. What an unforgettable lesson to Moses and to ourselves. Although God can and does use us; He relies on no individual for His plan to proceed (with the exception of His Son, our Lord Jesus Christ).
Psalm 56 is Miktam of David telling of his plea to the Almighty for help, when he was hopelessly lost in Achish's prison in Gath. It also calls upon all hearers to praise God for His capacity and willingness to save. God vindicated David's trust and delivered him. Yahweh would recompense the Psalmist's foes; and for these reasons God would be extolled by David and all mthe ladies prighteous. In confidence the Psalmist tells of offering thanksgiving offerings in the glorious icoming Kingdom Age.
Psalm 57 is likewise a Miktam of David's and shares the background of the 56th psalm. It is a plea for mercy and the image of a defenceless, trembling bird find a place of refuge beneath the protective wings of the Almighty. Our Lord Jesus the same metaphor in describing his desire to protect his people, Israel (see Matthew 23 verses 37-39). God's purpose for the psalmist would be fulfilled and his foes put to shame. David, like Daniel later, felt as if he was in a lions' den. This possibly is a description of the desperate 600 men who had gathered themselves together with David, during his exile. His Sovereign would, nonetheless, turn them into a band of courageous, faithful warriors. David then described his pursuers, in Saul and his army, as having spread a net in which they themselves would be ensnared. Because of his trust in the LORD, David remained steadfast, immovable. The psalmist would praise his God for His steadfast faithfulness and loving kindness. Yahweh will be exalted and His glory fill the earth.
In Romans 9 Paul explains his frustration at his nation's failure to grasp the glory God was offering his people. The Apostle shows from Scripture that this failure was foretold and follows a persist pattern of behaviour demonstrated by Israel. Nonetheless the Almighty's sovereign selection would stand upon the principles of the Divine grace and mercy, not because of any effort or merit on the part of any individual within the Chosen People. The Scriptures stand true and the restoration of the former people of God's choosing would be by His actions through which anyone to be saved could on one basis alone - by faith in the foundation stone the Father set in Zion (Isaiah 28 verse 16) His beloved Son, our Lord Jesus Christ.
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Genesis 48 tells of the nearing of Israel's death and his blessing both sons of Joseph in faith. The writer to the Hebrews comments on this in chapter 11 verse 21. Israel recounted God's faithfulness to Joseph and his grandsons - Ephraim and Manasseh - before giving his blessings. He relates that his Egyptian-born grandsons are as acceptable to him as his own sons. When Joseph brought the boys to Israel (their grandfather) the hands of Israel were crossed to place his right hand on the younger, Ephraim; and his left hand upon Manasseh, the older of the 2. Joseph objected. Israel told him to let it be, since he knew what he was doing. Ephraim would, said Israel, be the greater of the boys (indeed history shows Ephraim came to rulership over 10 of the 12 tribes). Read slowly and carefully the words of verses 15-16 and meditate on the meaning of the message.
In chapter 49 Israel blessed all 12 of his sons. He never avoids the issues within his family - he tells it as it is. Where rebuke is needed it is given. Reasons are presented for the decisions he made about the positions of authority and headship within his family. But notice what he speaks of related to the future of these tribes. Reuben is denounced for his adultery with his father's wife and usurpation of Israel's authority. Simeon and Levi are scathingly criticised for their cruelty and self will regarding their slaying of the Shechemites. Judah, who had lately shown wonderful qualities of leadership would be the brother praised by his brothers. His would be the kingship perpetually and to him in the Kingdom would the Gentiles be gathered and blessed. From him came Shiloh (meaning "peaceable" - speaking of our Lord Jesus Christ; the peace bringer Isaiah 9 verses 6-7). Jesus Christ is the mighty warrior, the triumphant lion of Judah. Verses 11-12 speaks of his victorious offering and his future victories. Zebulon, meaning "dwelling", will be a sea haven, which happened in the division to the tribes of their lots for inheritance. Issachar, whose name means "reward" (or "hire") would receive the reward of faithful servant, such as a hardworking donkey. Dan, meaning "judge", would be the judge of the other tribes and as a serpent would bring poison to his brothers. The idols of the northern kingdom of Ephraim were set up in Dan and Bethel. At this point, halfway through his pronouncements, Israel exclaims that he cannot wait for Yahweh to bring His salvation. From "the troop - Gad - raiders would come. Asher would be a "blessing" and become the great granary of the Promised Land. Naphtali would be as graceful as a doe in stride. Joseph's blessing, from verses 22-26 is the longest. This is fitting for the favourite son, who is, perhaps, one of the greatest types in the Old Testament of the Lord Jesus Christ. He was the true and faithful son throughout all of his trials. To him came the blessing of the double portion of the firstborn - both Ephraim and Manasseh received a tribal inheritance in the Land. Joseph was the brother "separate" (a kindred word to that of the Nazarite) from his brothers - as indeed was our Lord, who alone from all other humans was free of sin. Benjamin (the "son of the right hand") would be a mighty conquering warrior at the time of the end. This again speaking of Christ's conquests which begin before his kingdom reign. The chapter finishes with Israel's death, embalming (an elaborate process, which took 40 days) and burial. He was taken with a great crowd of mourners to his Promised Land and buried with his faithful family in the cave of Machpelah. He together with them sleeps awaiting a glorious resurrection and the receiving of his eternal inheritance. Those who saw the massive procession of mourners said that it must have been a sad occasion for the Egyptians. Verses 15-21 tell us that Joseph's brothers expected him to take vengeance against them now that Israel was dead. Instead he comforted and consoled them as Jesus will do for his Jewish brothers when he is revealed to them in his kingdom - see Zechariah chapters 12 and 13). The final verses tell of Joseph's remarkable hope and the promise he received from his family to carry him to the Promised Land. "God will surely visit you", a theme taken up in the early chapters of Exodus and Ruth. We need to ponder the personal message to us from Zechariah (the father of John the Baptist) in Luke 1 verses 68-79).
Psalm 51 is another from the pen of David; and this psalm together with the 32nd were written about his sufferings, conscience and great relief when forgiven. The sins for which he sought (and found) forgiveness were his adultery with Bathsheba and the murder of Uriah. Yahweh's mercy and loving kindness were extended to David, because of his genuine contrition and totally forsaking of his sins. Ultimately any sin is principally against the LORD. We need to recognise the lie we say to ourselves, I have not been caught out - no one has seen what I did - God did and always does. Paul explains in Romans 4 of the mercy and forgiveness of our Sovereign - chapter 4 verses 5-8. David acknowledged the sinful tendency of his human condition. But for those who confess that they are wrong and God is right forgiveness will be found
(Romans 3 verses 21-26). Verse 6 tells that the inner David delighted in God's law (see Romans 7 verses 21-25). The psalmist beseeches the LORD to remove his sins. When this is done he will worship his God with a true heart and a clear conscience. David's capacity for leading the LORD's people in the way of righteousness had been greatly damaged; deeply saddening David. Upon being restored the psalmist will be at the forefront of educating sinners, such as himself. His mouth will be filled with thankfulness and praise. No sacrifice could atone for David's wrongs; and, yet in love His God would forgive and encourage him. What our LORD wants from us is a poor spirit; a broken and contrite heart. Together with the restoration of the righteous will come the restoring of Zion. At that time the world will learn the right ways of the LORD and will walk in His ways
(Isaiah 2 verses 1-5, Jeremiah 3 verses 16-17).
Psalm 52 is a Maschil, or teaching Psalm from David's pen. It speaks of the steadfast and enduring loving kindness of Yahweh our God. The boasting evildoers will be dealt with by our God. The deceitful tongue will be silenced. Let us examine our words before they are said; and swallow them if they are not edifying. This will fill the just with courage and embolden them in their speech. The righteous will scorn the attitude of the arrogant. Fancy putting your trust in riches, rather than in the Living God. In their trusting the just will prosper now in what truly matters and will flourish in the Kingdom in the presence of their God.
Romans 5 Paul enumerated the blessings of justification and the process in life which we go through to bring us to our God. He pointed out that the initiative came from, and also commenced with, our Father. Then he elaborated the problem produced by our Adamic heritage - not our fault, but our misfortune - and contrasts this with the boundless blessings and benefits for those who transferred their allegiances to our Lord Jesus Christ.
Romans chapter 6 outlined the process in identification with the salvation wrought in Jesus. Baptism (burial in water) joins us symbolically to the death, burial and resurrection of Christ Jesus. We no longer remain the servants of sin, but rather became slaves serving righteousness. We now are in a position to receive the gracious gift of God, rather than rightfully being rewarded by our deserts.
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In Genesis 44 Joseph sets up yet another test for his brothers. As they journey from the Governor's house homeward they are overtaken by a group dispatched by Joseph. They are accused of stealing the Governor's silver cup. Naturally, the accusation is denied and the brothers' sacks searched. The cup is found in Benjamin's sack and they are escorted back to Joseph's home. Here he confronts them and says, that because of the theft, Benjamin must become a house slave. Judah tells Joseph of the harm this will cause to Israel, his father; he also points out that he had become the guarantor for Benjamin's safe return. Judah requested that Joseph accept him as a substitute slave instead of Benjamin. Chapter 45 tells us that Joseph was so overwhelmed with emotion that he demanded everyone apart from his brothers leave him alone. Joseph then rushed from the room to weep. Once he had regained his composure Joseph washed and came back to his brothers. He than revealed himself to them, "I am Joseph". On hearing they were speechless. Joseph declared (verse 5) to them that despite their motives God had a purpose for him in Egypt - "to save them". He then told of the remaining years during which the famine would continue; and requested that they transfer to Egypt for this time. In the land of Goshen he would provide for them. Tell my father, he encouraged them, of my status and wealth in Egypt. Joseph next with much emotion embraced his brother Benjamin. On hearing of the reunion of Joseph and his brothers Pharaoh's household was delighted. Pharaoh, likewise, insisted that the family move to Egypt and be cared for throughout the famine. Transportation wagons were given to assist in the move. They were then liberally given provisions and clothing. Finally Joseph instructed his brothers not to squabble on the journey to Canaan. Israel, Joseph's father, was reluctant to believe the report about Joseph until he saw the wagons. And then his spirit revived within him - like the prodigal son "he was alive again". And Israel would travel to Egypt to see Joseph.
In Psalm 49 we have, yet again, another from the sons of Korah. In it they speak of the natural weakness and finiteness of humanity. The first 4 verses are a plea for all the world to listen to the proverb sung upon the lyre. The instruction must not be ignored. The fate of the ignorant will be to perish like those who are the subject of the Psalm. The psalmist declared that the Almighty will preserve him from those who cheat him and are confident that they do not need God, because they have abundant riches and possessions. Those fools fail to understand that their substance is useless in its ability to redeem any other person; far less can they redeem themselves. They will die and leave their wealth to another. Their property ceases to be theirs once they breathe their last; but the grave will become their eternal home. No matter how great the boastful appear to be, in death they are no different to a slain sheep. Fools they were; and in death fools they stay. The time will come in the future - at the resurrection - when the righteous will be raised to rule. The faithful will be recognised as being wise; and at that time they will be vindicated. The Psalm concludes with advice to have no fear now of the rich and powerful for the time of their existence is short. Our Lord Jesus tells us the same message (Matthew 10 verses 26-33). Though the boastful and rich lived a life of luxury when they die they leave everything behind and take nothing with them. Learn these lessons and apply your heart to wisdom while we have life and opportunity.
In the book of Romans we have one of the three most masterful treatments as to how God saves - often called either the atonement, or reconciliation (the others being Galatians and Hebrews). The first chapter introduces us to
"the gospel of God" ie the joyful message that it is the desire of the Almighty Creator to help us through our belief, or faith, to become His children and the inheritors of the Kingdom. Paul's thesis is explained in verses 16-17 - namely that the gospel is God's power to save any who believes; since the OT declared in Habakkuk 2 verse 4, "the just shall live by faith". From verse 18 of chapter 1 to the end of the 2nd chapter he shows that the Gentile world is both guilty and without any excuse. Our Omnipotent Creator has provided indisputable evidence of His power. So that wilfully ignorant sinners stand condemned by their reprobate behaviour.
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Thoughts on the readings for January 26th (Genesis 42, 43 Psalms 46, 47, 48, Matthew 28)
In Genesis 42 we read of Joseph's 10 brothers being forced by the severe regional famine to go to Egypt to buy grain. Joseph, who was now the Governor in Egypt, spoke roughly to them in order to test them. Joseph did not yet know how events would unfold. The 10 brothers were accused by Joseph of being spies - buy your grain and go, they are told. After being drawn out by Joseph they say that there were originally 12 brothers, and 1 is dead and the youngest remains at home with his father. Part of the trial that the 10 are put through is to endure imprisonment for 3 days (surely Joseph intended to cause them to reflect on their past evil deeds; and to, perhaps, experience some of what had befallen their brother at their hands). Joseph's action had the desired result and he listened to their self examination (since he used an interpreter to talk with them they failed to perceive that he understood their discussions). They had talked of their guilt over what they had done to Joseph. Simeon is kept bound by the Governor, as the brother who bore the greatest responsibility for what was done. The others were sent home with a warning to not return without their youngest brother. Their money was placed in the mouth of each man's sack. They discovered this after stopping to feed their animals. They were concerned that God was telling them that what they did to Joseph was being visited on them by the Almighty. When they returned home they told Jacob everything that had happened to them. Their father's response is to chide them for their loose speech about Benjamin. Jacob also bemoaned his own loss of his two sons, and to say he will never let them take Benjamin when they return to Egypt. Reuben foolishly says to his father to take his two sons as security; and that Reuben will bring Benjamin back with them. He also says that failing that Jacob can kill Reuben's sons. How carnal was this suggestion. Chapter 43 deals with the brothers' return to Egypt. Judah takes the lead in encouraging his father to act responsibly for Jacob's family. Jacob tells his boys to take a present for the Governor of the specialties of the Promised Land - honey, gum, myrrh, pistachio and almond nuts. Finally Jacob invoked the divine blessing upon them. Joseph became emotional on seeing Benjamin, his younger brother. The brothers are invited to dine at the Governor's house. Suspiciously they tell the steward about the returned money. Don't worry he said, I got your money; what you found must have come from your God. Simeon was then restored unharmed to his brothers. On his return Joseph enquired of them as to the welfare of his father. He emotionally leaves his brothers to weep privately. Joseph, acting like an Egyptian, sat at a separate table. The brothers were amazed by being seated in order from eldest to youngest. Food was sent from Joseph's table to their table; with Benjamin's serving being 5 times that of each of his brothers.
Psalm 46 is another from the pen of the sons of Korah. It speaks of great confidence in the Almighty and His control of circumstances. It speaks of His awesome plans for the earth to bring peace for all time; and to cause war to cease. What an inspiring vision. What heartfelt prayers does this cause in His people. What confidence that He rules our lives now; as He soon will in this earth through the rule of His Son. "Yahweh of hosts is with us; the God of Jacob is our refuge." This is a recurring sentence and beautifully highlights the fact that the God manifest powerfully in hosts - of angels, stars and saints - is the same God who mercifully accompanies and protects the weak individual human, the Jacob. Again we have in Psalm 47 another from the sons of Korah. All nations are commanded to praise and extol their Sovereign king, who reigns over all the earth through His Beloved Son the Lord Jesus Christ. All the Gentile nations have been subdued and subjected to the one in whom the Father's authority has been invested (Psalm 8 verses1-9; Psalm 2). And Israel has as the LORD's heritage and chosen people been exalted to headship over all other nations. God's victory trumpet has signalled His triumph in the earth. Let all peoples praise and extol their glorious King, who by His wisdom has fulfilled His promise to Abraham
(Genesis 12 verse 3; Romans 4 verses 13). And has in that process delivered and protected His people. Psalm 48 is a further Psalm from the sons of Korah in which they celebrate the elevation and coming glory of Zion (the Jerusalem of the kingdom age). It is a magnificent city of glorious beauty that brings forth praises and joy to all peoples. It is lifted up upon a mountain raised by a great earthquake (Zechariah 14, Isaiah 2 verses 1-5). Those who walk about its towers and great walls are struck with awe and wonder by what they see. It is now indeed the Eternal City; rescued from war and become the centre of worship and blessing. Its citizens rejoice and wholeheartedly thank their Sovereign for His accomplishments. Meditate on this and praise the Almighty from generation to generation for all eternity. God had always guided His faithful people and will continue to do so for ever. Jerusalem watchers of all ages are exhorted to give God "no rest, till He establish, and till He make Jerusalem a praise in the earth" (Isaiah 62 verse 7).
Matthew 28 tells that just after 6pm on the Sabbath Jesus was raised from the dead in a dramatic and terror induced experience for the guards who witnessed the angel's powerful demonstration. This provided incontrovertible evidence of the event by impartial witnesses who were in the pay of our Lord's enemies. The risen and glorious Lord Jesus Christ went to meet with them in Galilee, as he had arranged before his death, to give them further infallible proofs of his resurrection and to give them the great commission to carry the Gospel message into all the earth. What comfort is there in his concluding words, "Lo I am with you always, even to the end of the age."
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In Genesis 41 we have Joseph's elevation from prison to be the highest ruler in Egypt after Pharaoh. The butler had been restored to Pharaoh's service so that he might be there at the time of Pharaoh's double dream. Joseph, however, had to be patient for 3 more years before God would bring him out of the prison house - just as our Lord spent 3 days in the grave and was dependent on His Father to bring him back to life. One troublesome night Pharaoh dreamt two disturbing dreams. The number 7 was a most significant common factor in both dreams. The first was of 7 fat cows being eaten by 7 lean cows, who were no fatter after having eaten the fat cows. The second dream concerned 7 fat ears of wheat being devoured by the 7 withered ears; which ears grew no larger for their efforts. In the morning Pharaoh summoned all his magicians and wise men to try to interpret his disturbing thoughts. They had no idea and it was then the butler remembered Joseph and related the dreams and their accurate interpretation by the young Hebrew house slave. He told Pharaoh and Joseph was shaved and clad in robes befitting one who was to stand before the god-king that Pharaoh claimed to be. Pharaoh told Joseph that he had heard that Joseph was able to interpret dreams. Joseph rightly deflected the disused from himself to the Almighty; who alone would be able to calm the king's mind. Compare how Daniel virtually repeats Joseph's words when interpreting to Nebuchadnezzar in Daniel 2. The 7s were years. There were to be 7 years where the land would produce plentifully; followed by 7 years of severe famine. After having unfolded the meaning of the doubled dream from Yahweh Joseph gave advice to Pharaoh of a wise plan for storing the surplus. Pharaoh's response was to declare that it would be difficult to find a wiser advisor than Joseph. Joseph was declared to be the best person for the job and immediately made Prime Minister. Joseph was given splendid robes of office and a golden chain showing his authority over Pharaoh's people. Joseph's name was changed to
Zaphenath-Paneah (which meant "the Saviour of the World"). He was given lands in Goshen, where Pharaoh's priests dwelled, to go with his status. Joseph was also granted Asenath the daughter of Potiphera the priest of On to be his wife. Joseph was 30 years old when all this happened - just as our Lord Jesus Christ was 30 when his ministry began.
Psalm 45 is written be Solomon to celebrate his marriage to the beautiful princess daughter of Pharaoh king of Egypt to himself. Solomon's marriage becomes typical of the Lord Jesus Christ's union with the faithful believers. The writer commences the song be declaring that he was writing about a theme which delighted him. The beautiful character of the Lord Jesus Christ was that sweet them (compare John Thomas' comments about
2 Samuel 23 verses 1; which he says speaks of our Lord as the sweetest theme of Israel's Psalms). The word "indicting" in verse 1 (AV) signifies "bubbling over with enthusiasm". In verse 2 the bride speaks of her groom being handsome. She tells of "grace pouring from his lips"
(see Luke 4 verse 22). We are truly "saved by his life"; but, it can equally be said that, we are saved by his words (John6:63). His teaching tells us how to live as he lived; that we might have life abundantly
(John 1 verse12-18; 10 verses10; 14 verses 6-7; 17 verses 3). The bride acknowledges her groom as her head, but also shows reverence to the Father, as her bridegroom's head (verses 2 and 6 and 7 - compare with our Lord Jesus Christ's endorsement of these words, after his resurrection by quoting them to Mary Magdalene in John 20 verses 17. Verses 3-5 speak of Messiah's prowess as a mighty warrior
(El Gibbor Isaiah 9:6 translated there by the term "mighty God"). As the righteous king Jesus is qualified to rule forever (2 Samuel 23 verses 3-7; Ezekiel 21 verses 25-27;
Jeremiah 23 verses 5-6;
Luke 1 verses 30-35;
Revelation 5 verses 9-14). The character of the king
(verse 7) has two essential components - 1) a love of righteousness; and, 2) a hating of wickedness. Paul tells in Romans 7 that our inner man delights in the law of God; but sadly there is another competing force within our bodies, which makes our hate for evil harder to show (since wickedness and folly are natural to us). Note that the oil of joy (immortality in a body inclined to righteousness) is poured upon our Lord in greater abundance, than upon us. That is because he is the worthy Lamb, who has overcome and offered himself
(see Hebrews 1 verses 8-9). Verses 9 and 12 of this Psalm tells of the guests at this wedding. Verses 10-11 contain words of counsel to the bride in order for her to wholeheartedly give herself to her new husband and his realm. Verses 13-15 describe the splendour of the bride. Her great beauty is within her and speaks of a developed faithful character (cp 1 Peter 3verses 1-7; and 2 Corinthians 11:2). We are told that, the bride together with her bridegroom will be remembered for generations forever (Ephesians 5verses 22-33).
Matthew 27 starts with Judas hanging himself when he saw that Jesus would not take his kingdom then, but would wrongfully suffer and submit to death. Then follow six sham trials- three before Jewish authorities and three before Roman officials. The marvel of our Lord's submission, his care and compassion for others is evident in the brief record of his crucifixion. He was buried in the unused tomb of a rich man, Joseph of Aramithea, in fulfilment of the prophecy of Isaiah 53 verse 9. A guard of four temple soldiers was placed at the mouth of his tomb. This would contribute to the incontrovertible evidence that would accompany his resurrection.
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Genesis 39 tells of the Midianites selling Joseph to Potiphar, who was the captain - or "chief" of Pharaoh's body guard. He was probably a eunuch and therefore although his wife had a high social status in Egyptian society, nevertheless some of her desires could not be met by her husband. Being an intelligent and diligent young man Joseph soon rose to chief servant in the household. He was also an attractive young man, who Potiphar's wife found most desirable. Joseph was a young man with great integrity, who realised that everything we do Is before the eyes of the LORD; and sin is firstly against Him (regardless of anyone else that might be affected) - Psalm 51:4. And so after frequently resisting her advances he wisely found a strategy to avoid being near her in the absence of others. Finally she trapped him; but Joseph fled after she had pulled his clothes off. Mrs Potiphar now felt scorned and determined to seek revenge. She kept his clothes to support her false story about Joseph's supposed attempts to seduce her. And when Potiphar came home he was enraged by her word which he chose to believe. Joseph was cast into a prison where the special prisoners of Pharaoh were kept. Verse 21 importantly tells us that Yahweh's care and providence were still with Joseph, as he rose to prominence and was given important roles in the prison. The LORD had a purpose in these events to teach Joseph patience and to ultimately bring him to a position of power in Egypt. Chapter 40 tells us how this was to happen. In the prison Joseph befriended the former chief baker and the previous chief butler of Pharaoh. They both had strange dreams on the same night. Joseph persuaded them to tell their dreams to him. The common thread in both dreams told of their fate in 3 more days - the butler would be restored to Pharaoh's service and the baker hung. Joseph asked that the butler remember him once his office had been restored. But, alas, he forgot until God caused Pharaoh to dream 2 puzzling dreams in one night. Pharaoh's dreams were centred around unusual events that focused on the number 7. But that will be discussed in tomorrow's readings in chapter 41 of our story.
Psalm 44 is a Psalm in which the writer speaks of Yahweh's past dealings with His people; and what this had taught them. It outlines suffering followed by favour. In hardship the people of God learn more than they do in prosperity. They learnt to depend on their Sovereign and to place their trust in Him. Despite massive setbacks and intense persecution, where they felt that they were merely sheep awaiting slaughter, they found strength to overcome and, more than that, to in fact emerge triumphant. Verses 8-11 are quoted by the Apostle Paul in Romans 8 (which centres on our victory through our Lord Jesus Christ) - verses 35-37 is Paul's summary. Experience, says the Psalmist, is best understood through trials. It teaches us that in our weakened and downcast state we have been readied for rolling ourselves upon our God; who is mighty to help and save us. There is no other greater Helper to support us (though friends may be of great help also at times). The Psalm finished with a plea for our Almighty God to rise for our deliverance and that He should be praised and thanked for this. We can be assured of His care, compassion and loving kindness that compels Him to action on behalf of His children.
Matthew 26 begins with ongoing plots from the High Priest to destroy our Lord Jesus Christ. Next, comes the anointing of Jesus' feet by Mary, the sister of Martha and Lazarus, with the precious ointment- which became the catalyst for greedy Judas to betray Jesus for thirty pieces of silver. Following this is the record of the Lord's Supper being kept in what thereafter would be a memorial of his sacrifice by sharing bread and wine. Jesus then prophesied of his betrayal by Peter, which in turn was a citation of the words of Zechariah 13 foretelling this.
After these events came Jesus' intense personal struggle in the Garden of Gethsemane; where three times he prayed and was strengthened having subjected his own will to that of his Father's. His betrayal came next. Here, one of the twelve named Judas Iscariot, led the heavily armed band of thugs sent from the temple to arrest the meekest man to have ever walked upon the earth. There was a short ensuing resistance led courageously by Peter, who was rebuked by Jesus. The Master miraculously heals Malchus and passively surrenders himself to be led away to the High Priest's palace awaiting the sentence of death by a process that was illegal in every detail. Note the adjuration of the High Priest in verse 63 was contrary to divine law. Jesus answered citing Daniel 7 verses 13-14 in verse 64, which indicated that the High Priest was knowingly defying God and would incur coming judgment as a result. Peter's pathetic threefold denial and intense remorse close the record.
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Thoughts on the readings for January 23rd (Genesis 38; Psalms 41, 42, 43; Matthew 25
Genesis 38 speaks of a very unsavoury set of circumstances surrounding Judah and his daughter-in-law, Tamar. The chapter commenced with a visit from Judah to a prostitute, who bore him a son, Er. The prostitute bare Judah two further sons Onan and Shelah. As the two eldest reached marriageable age he took a wife, Tamar. Er was given in marriage to Tamar. Because of Er's wickedness he was slain by Yahweh. So Tamar was a childless widow. She was given her brother-in-law, Onan who under the rules of the day had the responsibility to raise up an heir for his dead brother. Onan was also wicked and acted evilly. He too was slain by God. Tamar waited a long time for Shelah to become an adult; and then she saw that Judah her father-in-law would not allow her to marry him. She acted to raise up an heir. She posed as a whore and lured her father-in-law into a liaison, by veiling her appearance (it seems she knew Judah's weakness). Judah promised to pay for her services; he didn't have money so he left his staff and signet ring for a pledge. His friend tried to make the payment for Judah, but found the woman gone. Judah later hears of Tamar's pregnancy and says she needed to be burnt for her infidelity. She sends Judah the staff and signet ring of the man who is the father. Judah relented and acknowledged his own hypocrisy. Tamar bore twins, who wrestled for the right to be the firstborn - Perez and Zerah. During the birth Zerah put his fist out and a scarlet thread was tied to his wrist. The fist was drawn in and his brother Perez born first (the name was given because he had burst forth in breech against his brother). The scarlet thread follows a theme throughout the Bible at the time of the taking of Jericho; the ancestor of Jesus in Ruth 4; the scarlet thread to which the hyssop was tied when the pierced Jesus was on the cross (Zerah means "pierced"). When Israel (Jacob) blessed his sons in Genesis 49 he said, "Judah, your brothers shall praise you" (verse 8 ESV). Certainly Judah couldn't be praised for the events in Genesis 38; but he will outshine at the end in the dealings with Joseph in Egypt. The lawgiver and king would come from Judah. And from that tribe the Lord Jesus Christ would be born; conquer sin and death; and in the kingdom rule over the whole earth. The great lesson we learn from the life of Judah is that his selfishness in his youth ultimately transformed into a mature caring and loving brother. Let us never abandon hope in that some of us learn maturity much later in life.
Psalm 41 completed Book 1 (the Genesis themed Psalms) and Psalm 42 commenced Book 2 (the Exodus themed Psalms - finishing in Psalm 72). The content of both Psalms 41-42 is similar and provides a smooth connection between both Books. In Psalm 41 we read of a man in distress calling on the Almighty for grace, strength and deliverance. The Psalmist asks God to have mercy upon the one who considered "the poor". Our Lord became "poor" out of his love for our low and needful condition
(2 Corinthians 8 verses 6-15). Our Lord Jesus' love and care show him to be his Father's Son: Psalm 68 verses 1-4. And the Omnipotent Creator saw His Son struggle in the worst of conditions to bring about our redemption to his Sovereign God. So whenever the Son called for help the Father speedily responded. The Psalmist in verse 4, as a type of Messiah, acknowledged his weaknesses. Though our Lord never sinned he contended with his sin-prone nature - its trials and weaknesses - each day of his life. The Psalmist's enemies were prowling around him barking continuously like bloodthirsty dogs. And there also the proud and hateful whisperers plotting his downfall. They saw David's illness as a rightful consequence of his wrongdoings. Verse 9 speaks of David's loyal and trustworthy counsellor - Ahithophel - and these words are quoted in the New Testament as applying to Judas. From verses 10 to the Psalm's end the writer speaks of his confidence in Yahweh to deliver David (firstly); and to a greater degree, the Lord Jesus Christ himself. His experience of his God's faithfulness filled him with praise of his Sovereign. In verse 12 the Anointed is assured that he will dwell in the presence of the Almighty; at the time of the coming Kingdom forever. In the 42nd Psalm we read of the startled young deer being pursued until it became breathless. The writer/s - the sons of Korah, who stood with Moses when their father led a rebellion against the divinely appointed leaders of Moses and Aaron - compare that delicate creature's panting thirst to their own seeking for the "Living God" (a prominent theme in several of their Psalms). As the keepers of the gates of the Sanctuary they were responsible for the exclusion of the worldly and profane from the Tabernacle; and in later generations the Temple. Those exiled from the fellowship to be found in the house of God felt this longing very deeply. Verse 5 is a refrain which finds its echo in the concluding verse 11 of the Psalm. The words are Messianic and reflect the despondency of our Lord Jesus Christ during 3 challenges during his ministry - the first at his baptism in the river Jordan; the second at his Transfiguration; and, lastly in the Garden of Gethsemane. These are referred to in verses 6-7. Verse 7 may be a citation from the prayer of Jonah, chapter 2, inside the great fish's belly as expressive of the feeling of drowning and being overwhelmed that Jonah had in common with the Messiah of whom he was a wonderful type. Alternatively, Jonah's prayer could be a quotation from the Psalm. Both were prophets of the Lord from despised Galilee. The source of hope and the comforting affirmation are found in both verses 5 and 11.
Psalm 43 is a call upon the Almighty to send forth His Light and Truth to summon His saints to Zion - the scene of their salvation in our Lord Jesus Christ's future Kingdom soon to be set up on this earth with Jerusalem as its capital
(Isaiah 2 verses 1-5). It again speaks of the spirit of Messiah in the Psalms. The Messiah in reality was fixed upon Yahweh's light and truth as the guiding principles of his life (and these were the spirit by which the writer had tried to live). The connection to the 42nd Psalm is the repetition of the twice written refrain. The Lord Jesus Christ's countenance was changed and was a foretaste for him of the glory of the Kingdom, which sustained his endurance
(Matthew 17 and Luke 9).
Matthew 25 commenced with the parable of the ten virgins. Five were WISE and five were foolish. It illustrates the wisdom of being always prepared. Procrastination invariably catches up with those who are prone to it. That all ten virgins slept tells us that in comparison with the faithful throughout all time there will be at the time of the end comparatively few believers who have readied themselves for our Lord Jesus Christ's coming. Then follows the parable of the talents, and the keynote of the parable is faithfulness. We each have been given abilities and responsibilities that differ. What is important is that we fully utilise what we have been given; according to the principle to whom much is given, much is expected. Interestingly it was the one talent individual who totally misjudged our Lord Jesus Christ believing that he/she was not good enough for the Kingdom. What an entirely wrong perception for we are all only saved by grace and are in no way worthy ( of course there will be vast numbers of multi-talented individuals who have failed also). We must understand the gracious gift that is the good pleasure of our Heavenly Father to give His children the Kingdom. We must endeavour to judge matters according to God's Word. The final judgment will be on the basis of our understanding of our Omnipotent Creator and his inestimable Son and so living. It is love based rather than academic head knowledge. Read verses 34-46 aloud and consider if our actions measure up. Compare also Jeremiah's comments on what Josiah demonstrated in the knowing of his God in chapter 22 verses 15-16 of that prophecy. Showing love to "the least" is evidence of our love for our Lord. To know God is to copy His Son our Lord Jesus Christ.
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Genesis 37 tells us about Joseph, Israel's (Jacob's) favourite son of his old age. Joseph's mother was Rachel, Israel's favoured wife. Joseph's half brothers were envious of their brother, who was deeply loved. The other brothers were ill disciplined and wicked in their behaviour. Joseph reported this to Israel. To show the love Israel had for Joseph he gave him "a coat of many colours" AV (the Hebrew means "of stripes", or "strips" - some say suggesting the robe of a priest). This furthered the antagonism towards Joseph. In the course of time Joseph had two dreams, at different times. The first dream was of the wheat harvest - the 11 sheaves of his brothers bowed in reverence before Joseph's upright sheaf - speaking of Joseph's ruling of them (note that this dream had its fulfilment later in Egypt as Genesis 43:26 indicated). The second dream was of the sun, moon and 11 stars did obeisance to Joseph's star. The interpretation of this dream is said by Israel in verse 10. Israel, ie Jacob observed the saying; just as Mary did of the sayings of Simeon in the Temple about her son Jesus some 1,800 years later
(Luke 2verses 28-35). Since the dream spoke of Joseph's mother, Rachel, bowing before Joseph it necessitated her resurrection at the coming and kingdom of our Lord Jesus Christ. Israel sent Joseph to find his brothers and their flocks. They were found near Dothan. The ten brothers (minus Benjamin) stripped Joseph of his coat and cast him into a waterless pit - symbolic of the grave. Joseph being hated by his brothers spoke of the Lord Jesus being the subject of his brothers' opposition (Psalm 69:8). Joseph was sold for 30 pieces of silver (the price paid to a master for a slave gored by an ox). The same price paid by the chief priests to Judas for the betrayal of the Lord Jesus Christ. He was sold to a passing merchant band of Ishmaelites/Midianites; who were to take Joseph to Egypt to be sold as a slave. Reuben had been absent when Joseph was sold. Reuben had hoped to later rescue Joseph. With Reuben not present the decision to sell Joseph was made by Simeon (the tribe of Simeon became the Scribes) and Levi (the priests) - these were the chief antagonists, who were the foremost of those who envied and hated Jesus (Joseph was enacting a parable of events to come). The 10 brothers conspire to deceive Israel into believing that a wild beast had slain Joseph. Israel was unable to be consoled when he believed that Joseph was dead.
In Psalm 39 David asks his Sovereign to let him understand his mortality and limitations. David had to a large degree abandoned his authority since his great sin against God; in the matter of his adultery with Bathsheba and murder of Uriah. David felt his capacity to judge and punish had been undermined by his crimes. And so in silence he allowed his foes a license to rebel. In the end the Psalm tells us that knowing his own insignificance David would trust in the Almighty to vindicate him. David declared in verse 7 that Yahweh was his hope. The Psalmist pleads that the LORD show mercy when disciplining him. For David like all the faithful confesses that he is merely a sojourner awaiting the kingdom.
Psalm 40 is a record of the mind and motivation of Messiah. David speaks of being brought from the pit of death - as Jesus would be raised from the grave to live again. The new song in the Psalmist's mouth was the victory song of immortality - new because it can can only be understood in its singing by those made eternal. David encourages the faithful that they must put their trust in their Sovereign. David knew from experience the goodness and the loving kindness of his God. Messiah from verses 6-8 declares his purpose for coming into the world and the secret of his capacity to conquer. Of course it was needful that Jesus be begotten of God to lay the foundation for Messiah's mind to be in tune with his Father. Mosaic sacrifices and offerings could never take away sin; but the offering of Messiah would for once and all time remove the need for further sacrifices. The entire Bible speaks of Messiah and his work. Verse 8 of this Psalm has two distinct meanings in the Hebrew and both are equally true and valid - 1) I delight to do Thy delight; and,
2) I will do do Thy will. These speak of the mind and motives of Messiah. It is no wonder that Jesus was the only Beloved of his Father. These words capture David's desires; but not being God's Son - the Messiah - he could not completely outwork this in his own life. Slowly read and meditate on the writer to the Hebrews in the exposition of chapter 10 verses 1-14. Our Lord Jesus will rehearse these matters to the "great congregation" - the assembly of faithful immortalised disciples. Because of David's typical faithfulness and the Christ's actual and complete righteousness; their God (and ours) would ultimately deliver them. David calls upon all those of upright heart to contemplate these sentiments and to consequently modify their lives to glorify their Sovereign in mind and actions.
In chapters 24 and 25 of Matthew we have "The Olivet Prophecy". The first of these chapters is today's reading and centres on signs answering the three questions of verse 3. Chapter 25 is more about readying ourselves for our Lord's return. Note the link to the end of the last chapter. The leprous house was to be thrown down stone by stone. Disciples would be confused by claims made by false Messiahs accompanied by betrayal and persecution. A great sign would be the desolation of Roman invasion foretold by Moses in Deuteronomy 28 and in Daniel 9.
Opportunity would be provided to flee; this happened as Robert Roberts pointed out in "Ways of Providence" on five occasions. But those failing to heed Jesus' warnings would perish in the destruction of Jerusalem and its temple. The "Sign of the Son of Man in heaven" related to the presence of Rome's armies. Next followed the parable of the fig tree (representative of Israel), including why desolation had to come. Despite the signs none could know exactly when. Preparedness would be essential and needed to be accompanied by two traits - wisdom and faithfulness verse 45. The great lessons of wisdom, faithfulness and being in a state of readiness to welcome our Lord Jesus Christ with joy are the greatest lessons today as we daily strive to walk in step with our Master towards his kingdom. In tomorrow's readings we will see this explained through parables.
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Thoughts on the readings for January 21st (Genesis 36; Psalm 38; Matthew 23)
Genesis 36 contains yet another genealogy - this time Esau's who settled in the mountains around Petra. This territory is sometimes called Mount Seir (meaning "hairy". So named because of Esau's hairy appearance). Esau through his 4 wives produced 12 sons just as his twin brother Jacob had done. However these boys all became dukes in their own right ruling hundreds of years earlier than Jacob's sons eventually did in the Promised Land. Edom became a powerful nation of hostile men in that region. They later became known as the Nabateans. Their hostility toward Israel was maintained until their oblivion in 70 AD at the hands of Rome.
Psalm 38 is a plea from David asking God to never forsake him. David had suffered greatly as a punishment for the great sins he had sought to hide. How foolish of David to think that was possible. David asked his Sovereign to lift the heavy burden of his guilt. Every move that king David made was watched and criticised by his foes. David had chosen to be deaf and mute, rather than listen to the instruction of his Father's Word. He felt that his enemies would swallow him up and overwhelm him. In verse 15 David tells us that his only hope is in Yahweh. So finally David realised that the only way to resolve his wretchedness was to confess his iniquity. Likewise for us the only way to remove our sins and the sense of guilt which they bring; is to confess our wrongs; to promise to forsake them in the future; and to cast ourselves on the mercy and forgiveness of our magnificent Sovereign (1 John 1 verses 5-10 slowly read aloud. Pause and ponder). The Psalm concludes by David asking the LORD to be swift in David's defence.
Matthew 23 pronounced 8 woes, or curses, upon the hypocritical Scribes and Pharisees. Indeed our Lord indicated that many of their instructions showed that they perceived what God's law required of them, but failed to practise these. Though Jesus was "full of grace and truth" when it was necessary he spoke words of condemnation as his scathing indictment of the Scribes and Pharisees in chapter 23 demonstrates. Verse 9 tells us that many churches act against Jesus' clear teaching to call no man father, since only one is our Father, who is in heaven. Similarly not one of us the Teacher; for Christ our Master is alone to be called that. Humility is the key ingredient for a disciple's life. Christ's outlining of the beatitudes of Matthew 5 stand in stark contrast to the 8 cursings in this chapter. For these reasons Jesus pronounced their house - city - desolate (as the leprous house of Leviticus 14verses 39-45); until our Lord Jesus' second advent when the nation will finally be healed - see verses 37-39.
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Genesis 34 records an incident which is extremely instructive for us. Dinah, Jacob's daughter, went out to see the daughters of the land; the result of which is she is defiled by a Hivite, named Shechem. She is trapped into a marriage out of covenant with the LORD. Her brothers deceive the Hivites and insist that every male Hivite in the town be circumcised, as a condition for allowing the marriage to occur. Impressed by the wealth of Jacob's family the Hivites readily accepted the terms, as like all the Canaanites they were covetous. Then Simeon and Levi slay all the males, when they are sore from their circumcision. The sons take all the Hivite women as plunder for themselves; together with the material wealth of the Hivites. Jacob is so frightened by the treachery of his sons (and in chapter 49 cursed both Simeon and Levi - verses 5-7 read and contemplate) and is fearful that the entire Canaanite community would be so enraged by the event that they would avenge the evil by destroying Jacob's entire family. Chapter 35 tells of the Almighty's charge to Jacob to return to Bethel, to build an altar; and to begin afresh. It was Jacob's Sovereign's assurance that as He is the God of Bethel the promise of protection will never fail. Jacob took his journey in renewed faith. When we fail we must never become so discouraged that we in despair abandon God. We can be certain that no matter how bad things may seem our Creator will never abandon His children (slowly read aloud Hebrews 13 verses 4 and 5. Carefully contemplate the lesson). Jacob's GOD put the Canaanites in dread of Jacob; so that they avoided him lest they share the fate of the Hivites. There was a condition put on God's support for Jacob - put away from among you all the foreign gods. The same terms apply to us when we seek our LORD after sinning - utterly forsake the sin in humble penitence (1 John 1verses 8-10). The altar was built at the site of Jacob's dream; and the town of Luz (meaning "ruination") finally became Bethel (the house of God). Verse 8 tells of the death of Rebekah's aged wet nurse, who was buried beneath the oak; that became named (the oak of weeping - Allon-Bacuth). The old ways were over. And so the Almighty reappeared to Jacob, confirming the name change to Israel and reiterating the promise (verses 9-12). Jacob's response is to set up, as a pillar the stone - to anoint, or Christ it, by pouring oil over it - offer a drink offering and rename the site Bethel. Verses 16-29 records the deaths of - firstly Rachel; and lastly Isaac; as well as their burials. Isaac was buried by both his sons, Esau and Jacob and rests with the family of faith in the cave of Machpelah (meaning "folded"). All those resting there will rise again and inherit the Promised Land, when Christ returns to the earth. Rachel, on the other hand, is wrapped in mystery. She had heavy travail and died giving birth to her second son. In desperation she named him Son of my sorrows (Ben-oni). She had not quite reached Bethlehem-Ephratah (meaning "the house of bread and fruitfulness" - how ironic for the barren wife, who died in childbirth). Jacob renamed his son Benjamin ("the son of the right hand"). As well as actually happening the event was a parable about Jesus Christ, who in his suffering for sins (not his own) and dying was "a man of sorrows" (Isaiah 53 verses 3-5). But having suffered his Father elevated him to His own right hand (Acts 2verses 22-36 read and consider). And Rachel's barrenness followed by fruitfulness was also symbolic of a restored Israel (Isaiah 54:1-8 consider). If we were in doubt as to Rachel's divine esteem we should read Ruth 4 verses 11-12. She too will receive the loving kindness of her God.
Psalm 37 states undeniably and in unmistakable terms that the reward of the righteous is on earth, and not in heaven. Let's start by reading aloud Psalm 115:15-16. We also have been persuaded as we have read what God promised to Abraham, Isaac and Jacob - an eternal inheritance on the earth (Romans 4:13). Note that we too when we are baptised, after believing the truth, become joint heirs to the same promises (Matthew 8 verses 10-12, Galatians 3 verses 25-29; Hebrews 11 verses 39-40). Now notice how frequently the Psalm makes that point - read each of these before resuming the reading of the commentary v9, v11 (Land = eretz, used of the Promised Land v22, v25, and v34). The Psalm commences with a warning against being envious of the wicked. They seemingly prosper now, but contemplate their end. Total annihilation - verse 20 they will disappear as quickly as smoke. Jesus endorsed the Psalm's message. After reading verses 9-11 turn to and read
Matthew 5:5. The poetry and the symbols are majestic as the Psalm reiterates the powerful theme again and again. And so the righteous are exhorted by David to exercise patience until the time comes when the upright will be recompensed. The path of the righteous is strewn with trials; but the end result is peace
(compare Isaiah 26 verses 19).
In Matthew 22 we have the parable of the wedding feast of the Kingdom, to which we all have been invited through the Gospel. Our Omnipotent King has provided the only garment needed for admission; the sin covering raiment of His ever glorious and pre-eminent Son. Then follow four questions, each one of which provided incontrovertible proof from the Scriptures that Jesus was the Promised Messiah; the first three asked of our Lord Jesus by each class of his foes; and the last of himself to them, proving himself to be the divine son of David (after the flesh), but God's Son of the Father's right hand, as attested by Psalm 110.
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Thoughts on the readings for January 19th (Genesis 32, 33; Psalm 36; Matthew 21).
Jacob in Genesis 32 journeyed to Bethel. As he did so he noticed that journeying alongside Jacob's was a troop of angels. Jacob named the place Mahanaim (meaning "two companies"). It was a reassurance to Jacob that the God of Bethel was always with him, as He promised in Genesis 28. Jacob next hears the disturbing news that Esau, with 400 armed men, is coming to meet him. Jacob becomes gripped with fear as his mind went back to the hostility with which they had parted. Jacob makes plans for his family's protection and an attempt to placate his brother, Esau, with great material gifts. After doing all he could Jacob stayed behind to humbly beseech help from his God. And in response the God (El - strength) of Bethel sends his angel who wrestled all night with Jacob. The Almighty withheld the angel's might, so that neither Jacob nor the angel were able to prevail. At some stage of the contest Jacob realised that he was contending with an angel. At this point Jacob refused to release the angel until he was granted a blessing. The angel changed Jacob's name to Israel ("a prince with God") and smote the hollow of Jacob's thigh, leaving him with a permanent limp; and a reminder that in order to prevail (with God and men) he must always trust that the LORD can do, when we cannot. At sunrise the angel let Jacob go. It was too late for Jacob to catch up with his family; whose fate was in the hand of the Almighty. Hosea tells us that it was here in Bethel that Jacob found God at last; and is so able to teach us. Slowly read aloud Hosea 12 verse 2-6 and pause and ponder. Note also that when Israel brought their tithes and first fruits to the priest they were to say aloud the words of Deuteronomy 26 verse 5. In chapter 33 the twin brothers meet. Jacob found that the expected hostility was not there. Jacob's Sovereign had preserved him and fulfilled the promise of chapter 28. Jacob tried to give his gifts to Esau, who didn't want them. Esau asks Jacob to come with him to Petra. Jacob insists that his brother go ahead and they will follow at a slower pace. Jacob never made that journey but went to Succoth (meaning "booths"). They constructed booths and dwelt there. Jacob then came to Shechem, where he purchased the land that his grandfather Abraham had purchased long ago. Jacob built an altar in thanksgiving to his Sovereign; and named that altar - God the God of Israel.
Psalm 36 is from the pen of David. The choirmaster is told to celebrate the steadfast loving kindness of Yahweh. Verse 1 tells us why the wicked act the way that they do - "there is no fear of God before their eyes" (cp Romans 3 verse18, which is the 7th consecutive quote from the Old Testament showing the perversity of human nature). Verses 2-4 of Psalm 36 speak of the arrogance and calculated plotting of the wicked against the upright. From verses 5-10 David speaks of his confidence in Yahweh's steadfast love and righteousness. Those who have received it know of the benefits that come to those who faithfully trust in the LORD. Meditate the power of verse 9 - "with you (God) is the fountain of life; in your light do we see light" (ESV). The Father alone is eternal and not created. All life has come from Him. Verse 10 is a plea for the Creator to maintain that love for His children. Verses 11-12 is a call for the Omnipotent to silence once and for all time the arrogant.
In Matthew 21 Jesus' triumphant entry into Jerusalem was accompanied by shouts of "Hosannah" - meaning save now. Matthew tells us that this was in fulfilment of the prophecy of Zechariah, in the 9th chapter. The prophecy of Zechariah contrasts the arrogant Alexander the Great, bringing death and destruction; with Jesus the lowly bring salvation. The next citation in Matthew - "Blessed is he that comes in the name of the LORD" ie Yahweh - comes from Psalm 118 verse 26 (but note Messiah's mindset from the context of the entire Psalm). Proverbs 16 verse 32 insightfully says: "Better is he who rules his own spirit than he who takes a city". The rulers were in indignation with the multitude and asked Jesus to rebuke them. Our Lord's response was to refer them to Psalm 8 the LXX version, which spoke of what was happening and the victory being accomplished. Next in the chapter came the curse of a fig tree, which like Israel, showed the false promise of apparent fruitfulness. It was cursed by Jesus. The next day the disciples witnessed that the tree had immediately withered. This was followed by Jesus' demonstration that his authority was unquestionably from God. After this came the parable of the two sons - firstly the rulers said that they were doing the Father's will, but lied, in contrast the commoners knew they were sinners but they sincerely repented. Lastly the chapter concludes with the parable of the unfaithful tenants. The rulers recognising themselves in the story fulfilled it to the letter by immediately taking counsel to destroy Jesus.
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Thoughts on the readings for January 18th (Genesis 31, Psalm 35, Matthew 20).
In Genesis 31 Jacob feels the antagonism towards him from Laban's sons. So he determines to return home. Jacob plans to do so secretly so that he might protect his family from Laban's hostility. Jacob tells his wives that their father is a dishonest man, who has shown no love for his family. He is, says Jacob, a materialistic covetous selfish man. Without God's providence, Jacob claims, our situation would be hopeless. However the God of Bethel has been faithful to His promise made to Jacob. So let us return to the Land of our LORD. Rachel decided to steal her father's idols, which were likely ancient title deeds. Laban gathered his forces and pursued Jacob. Seven days are spent in hot pursuit of his family. The Almighty warns Laban to take care in his dealings with his son-in-law. Upon overtaking Jacob's troop Laban speaks roughly to his son-in-law; but recounts the angelic warning and says he'll respect this. He expresses anger at the theft of his household gods. Jacob says if you find anyone in possession of these they will be put to death. Rachel uses a ruse of claiming to have menstrual problems and is not able to get to her feet, from off the camel's saddle. The gods were hidden beneath Rachel among the stuff that the camel was carrying. Laban's unsuccessful search was followed by a truce between Jacob and Laban. But not before Jacob vents his disappointment with everything that Laban had done in his harsh dealings with his son-in-law. We note Jacob's reluctance to use the same covenantal terms that Laban had invoked. It is a promise to not go past the altar of witness to harm one another. The term Mizpah,used by Jacob, means
"the watchtower" and is of great significance throughout the Bible.
Psalm 35 is penned by David to extol the greatness of his Sovereign. Yahweh was his defence and his salvation. The Psalmist was confident that his foes would be put to flight, like the chaff before the wind. They hated David without a cause and had laid a net to ensnare his feet. His enemies would be ensnared in their own net. The Almighty had risen in defence of the poor and needy. David was constantly subjected to their malicious gossip. David, in verse 17, invoked the LORD's loving kindness as his protection. He praises his Helper in verse 18. In verses 19-21 David outlined the evil, deceitful and corrupt behaviour of his enemies. Yahweh had seen it and would repay the evil and vindicate the Psalmist. The LORD's righteousness cannot allow this wrong to persist. When God arose in judgment the upright rise up and respond with praise. The Psalm was written by David in praise of the Almighty and to promote the same approach to worship among all those of devout heart. This Psalm reminds us that God will intervene on behalf of His children because He says, "Vengeance is mine, I will repay".
Matthew's 20th chapter starts with the parable of the labourers in the vineyard, naturally representing Israel- Isaiah 5; Psalm 80:8-19. The parable is memorable because of its failure to represent sound financial practice. This device deliberately tells us that access to the kingdom is on the basis of grace and not merit. The underlying principle of the parable is that God does not reward us because of the works we have done. We are saved by the mercy and grace of the Almighty. His grace - ie His unmerited favour - is given to those who trust that He will give what He has promised, even if, "We haven't done a full day's work". Then follows in verses 17-19 Jesus telling the Apostles for a third time of his approaching and imminent demise. Then Salome, the mother of James and John (two of the three foremost Apostles), seeks for them the greatest positions of honour in Messiah's kingdom. All the lessons on humility leading to this point seem to have been forgotten. The section concludes with the healing of two blind men, who became followers of the Master.
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Thoughts on the readings for January 17th (Genesis 30; Psalm 34; Matthew 19)
Genesis 30 tells of Rachel's exasperation in seeking children; demands from Jacob that he give her children. Rachel gives Bilhah her maid to Jacob. A son is born and named Dan (meaning "vindication", or "judgment") claiming that she (Rachel) has God on her side. We notice that Rachel is making this contest with her sister personal. Another son is born to Bilhah and named Naphtali - speaking of the struggle, or wrestle Rachel saw between herself and Leah. Taking up the contest Leah gives her maid, Zilpah, to Jacob. A son is produced and called Gad - meaning "a troop" - telling of another son to come. Zilpah produces a second son, who Leah names Asher ("blessed", or "happy"). Surely Jacob would be happy with the 6 sons produced thus far by Leah and her maid. Reuben found wild mandrakes in the field; believed by the ancients to be a potential aphrodisiac and a fertility booster. Rachel asks for these and in return promises Leah access to Jacob. This results in a 5th son for Leah - named Issachar
(meaning "hired" ie Jacob in exchange for the mandrakes). Leah next produced a 6th son, Zebulon - indicating "dwelling" - in the hope of Jacob becoming Leah's companion. Lastly Leah gave birth to a daughter, Dinah. Rachel is finally remembered by God and has a son Joseph - meaning "add", or "increasing" - in the hope of having a further son. Jacob served Laban for 6 more years in order to provide for his large family. Tricky Laban during this time changed Jacob's contract 10 times. No matter how unlikely it was for Jacob to increase his herds of sheep and cattle the Almighty blessed and prospered him, as had been promised at Bethel in chapter 28. Jacob's honesty and integrity were endorsed by God in what the cattle produced. Laban's deceit and dishonesty were at this time punished by the LORD. Whilst there was some value in the selective breeding Jacob practised; there was no science behind the putting of the poplar trees before the eyes of the cattle at watering time.
Psalm 34 is the second most quoted Psalm in the New Testament, after Psalm 110. It was written by David to praise God from his deliverance out of the hand of Abimelech (also known as Achish), the king of Gath. David had received Goliath's sword from the Tabernacle, where it had been kept. Saul and Doeg had slain the priests of Yahweh in Nob. Saul continued hunting David and in desperation David ventured into the land of the Philistines believing he would be safer there. What an incredible lapsing of discerning and, to a large degree, a forgetting of how often he had been delivered by the LORD. What foolishness to think he could slip unnoticed in Goliath's town; whilst carrying the well known sword of the deceased Philistine Champion. He was imprisoned and feigned madness to escape. Were it not for his Sovereign's providential protection David would certainly have perished. It was not his acting ability that saved David; rather it was his heartfelt humble prayer, "This poor man cried and Yahweh heard". The first 5 verses David extols the responsiveness of the Almighty and calls upon all the faithful to join him in this exercise. The trouble of David at this time has been mentioned in the Psalm's background. Despite the seemingly impossible circumstances David was released. He had been powerless, but the angel (who was mighty in power) had encamped around him -
verse 7. David had been delivered from death, but Messiah was to die; but would be brought from the grave - "out of death" (verse 20). Verses 8-9 says that all who have tasted Yahweh's loving kindness have seen that He is good to His children. The lions, even though fed from God, we're not cared for with the same love our Sovereign shows His children. God's children will experience sore trials, but these are sent to develop godliness (Hebrews 12 verses 5 to 11). Verse 11 is a plea for the 600 followers of David, who were with him in the cave of Adullam after his release from the prison in Gath, to in humility learn from his teaching. Verses 12-19 give counsel to the faithful, as to how they must respond to the LORD's providential care. This section of the Psalm finds itself extensively drawn on by Peter in chapter 2 verses 10 to12. The Psalm finished with a confidence in the deliverance of the Almighty. The keeping the unbroken bones speaks of the assurance of hope and resurrection. Joseph in faith when dying gave charge concerning his bones (Genesis 50:24-26;
Exodus 12 verse 46 and verse19; 1 Peter 2 verses 21 to 25).
In Matthew 19 we have one of the topics that is greatly debated among religions - divorce. In the contemporary Jewish society of Jesus' days it was so rife that men were divorcing their wives for every reason eg she burned my meal. In the time of Moses, divorce or putting away, was regulated; but even then, only for sexual impurity. God's mind on this has always been clear. Yahweh hates putting away (Malachi 2 verses10 to16). Jesus tells us that the Father's declared will from the beginning was that man and woman should cleave to each other as man and wife to the exclusion of all others as the only basis of stable family life and a prefiguring of Christ's union with his bride (Genesis 2 verses 23 to 24; Ephesians 5 verses 22 to 33). Difficultlies do arise within marriage, but both parties must persevere.
Once more an incident involving children provided an opportunity for the disciples' learning. The chapter concludes with a rich young ruler, who Jesus deeply loved because of his undoubted sincerity. Nonetheless our Lord was greatly saddened by the man's incapacity to overcome his covetousness. This caused amazement to his disciples, who believed that salvation must be a hard and costly thing. Jesus, knowing their perseverance in following him promised them rulership and thrones in his coming Kingdom. Read aloud and think about that promise in verses 28-30.
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In Genesis 28 we are told that Isaac in response to Rebekah's entreaty sends Jacob to Haran to seek for a wife who is of the Abrahamic faith. The Abrahamic promises are given to Jacob in verses 3-4. Jacob took his journey in haste still worrying over Esau's intention of killing his twin. Verses 6 to 9 tell us that Esau has not the faintest idea of what being a faithful believer means. He takes two more wives, who have descended from Ishmael. In verse 10 we are told of Jacob's arrival at Bethel ("the house of God"); although referred to earlier in the record, it was most likely so named because of the incidents in this chapter. Jacob must have been wearied from his journey as he took a stone for a pillow; and dreamed of a ladder stretching from earth to heaven. There were angels on the ladder; and, we are told that they were first ascending, and secondly descending upon the ladder. Word order is critical to observe and carefully read in the Bible, as Hebrews 5 explains. If they ascend first that means they are already with Jacob to help him
(see Hebrews 1:14). They go to heaven and return after having been instructed in what further aid is needed (Revelation 3:5). Verse 13 tells us that Yahweh (most likely Michael - the angel who bore the Name of his God) stood, as a caring supervisor of those providing the help, at the top of the ladder. All things associated with the salvation of His children are of God and from Him. Some people have mistakenly used this chapter to suggest that the text teaches "we go to heaven when we die". In fact, it teaches the very opposite. The angels were with Jacob on earth providing him aid. Notice also in the words that immediately follow Jacob is promised the Land covenanted to Abraham and that through the seed of Jacob (the Lord Jesus Christ) blessing will come to all nations of this earth (the NT says the same, Romans verse 13). Next the Almighty offers to Jacob daily care and protection throughout his sojourn; until he returns to the Promised Land (verse 15). On awakening Jacob felt the awesomeness of the place, where he had slept; and reverentially names it "the House of God" (Bethel). He set up the stone upon which he had slept, and "anointed (Hebrew Massiah - i.e Christed it) the stone and declaring it to be the pillar of the house (Matthew 16 verses 16 to18 and 1 Corinthians 3 verses 11, 16 and 17 Ephesians 2 verses 11to 22, please read them slowly and consider carefully. This is the first use of "anointing" in the Bible. In acknowledgment of the overshadowing care of the Almighty and the promise of inheritance and providence of the LORD Jacob promises to give a tenth of all (a tithe) back to his Sovereign to show that all we receive is a blessing, of which we are unworthy, from the Father.
in our reading In Genesis 29 Jacob arrived at Haran and in a display of strength rolls the great stone from the well's mouth to water the flock of Rachel. After a familial embrace with Rachel Jacob explained why he had come to his relatives. In verses 13 and14 Laban showed interest in his nephew, no doubt remembering the wealth that he had earlier received from Eliezer (on the occasion of his sister Rebekah's betrothal). Immediately the materialistic and crafty uncle devised a contract in which all the advantages were with Laban. Jacob contracts to serve Laban for 7 years in exchange for Rachel's betrothal. Tricky Laban deceived Jacob on the wedding night and forced out of his nephew another 7 years' work - having substituted the veiled Leah on the wedding night. More than likely Jacob's mind would contemplate the time when he and his mother had deceived Isaac. So after 14 years work Jacob has nothing to show from it. Verses 31 to35 tell of Rachel's barrenness, just like that of her mother and grandmother. However the LORD heard Leah's dismay at Jacob's love for her sister, Rachel (which appropriately for a shepherdess means "little lamb") and gave Leah conception. Leah's first son is named Reuben, meaning "see a son". We can hear her saying the words as the boy is given to Jacob. But Jacob felt no closer to Leah. She again gave birth to a second son, calling him Simeon (meaning "hearing"), because the LORD had heard her plea. A third son is born and named Levi: meaning "joined". Her hope is, that after baring 3 sons, Jacob might finally be united with Leah. Alas, it doesn't happen and so in resignation to her husband's lack of interest in her she bare a last son and named him Judah (meaning "praise"); acknowledging that Leah has given up on gaining her husband's favour and so her focus will be on serving her God.
Psalm 33 extols the steadfast loving kindness of our Sovereign. Faithful believers are exhorted wholeheartedly to praise their God with a new song, new because the singers will do so with the new experience of immortality in their Father's kingdom (see Revelation 14 verses 1 to5). In verses 4 and5 Yahweh is praised for His righteousness and steadfast love (Chesed - see Exodus 34). Verses 6-9 proclaim the power of His Word in Creation. When He speaks it becomes and is immediately done. His Word is unbreakable - immutable. Verse 12 tells of the blessings of being His chosen people. It was the Gospel sound of the alternating bells and pomegranates on the hem of the High Priest's robe; and that privilege likewise belongs to the disciples in Christ: Matthew 13 verse 43, Romans 10 verses 14 to 18. The LORD knows and discerns the hearts of the children of men. Safety is not with mighty weapons, nor by human strength, but rather by putting our trust in the Living God. Pharaoh had trusted his chariots and warhorses in vain (Exodus 14 and 15). The eye of our Creator is ever upon His children, as Jacob came to realise in Genesis 28. Please slowly read aloud verses 20 to 23 and carefully contemplate what it teaches us.
Matthew's 18th chapter focuses on humility and forgiveness, both of which are crucial if a disciple is to enter the Kingdom. Humility and absence of malice is the foundation for receiving an inheritance with our Father and His Son. The disciple must never become the cause of stumbling for another. Being conscious of the sources of sin in our lives will result in extreme action required to prevent us losing the Kingdom.
The parable of the lost sheep indicates the love of the Shepherd for the straying sheep and the extreme effort expended in its recovery; as well as the accompanying joy. The parable of the stumbling disciple is based upon the same principles- the maximum exertion is to be pursued seeking recovery. Our Lord's words to Peter of ongoing and limitless forgiveness as the number 490 represents. Our forgiveness is conditional on extending constant forgiveness to others (Matthew 6 verse 12 to 14). Jesus' instructions here stand in stark contrast to Lamech's vengeful attitude mentioned in Genesis 4 verse 23 to24. Most pertinent to us is the parable of the unforgiving servant. Our God has forgiven us an immeasurable debt. Unless that moves us to see that, however great we might esteem any wrongs done to us, they need to be seen in perspective as inconsequential. We must be moved within our heart to truly from our heart forgive others.
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